Ethereum Casino UK: How Regulators, Licences and Payouts Actually Work

Ethereum casinos sit in an odd spot on the UK gambling map. The coin itself is legal to hold and trade, yet no UK Gambling Commission licensee can accept ETH directly for stakes. That single regulatory fact shapes everything else on this page, from how deposits clear to who you can complain to when something goes wrong.

What follows is a practical breakdown built around the regulator's role. We look at how the Gambling Commission monitors compliance, how it handles player complaints, which operators accept crypto in some form, and what the numbers behind payouts and fees really look like in 2026. No hype, no promises of instant riches.

If you want the short version: the UK Gambling Commission has licensed and regulated gambling since the Gambling Act 2005 came into force on 1 September 2007, and every operator advertising to British players must hold that licence. Crypto changes the plumbing, not the rulebook.

What Is an Ethereum Casino and Who Regulates It?

An Ethereum casino is a gambling site that supports ETH for deposits, withdrawals, or both, usually alongside traditional payment methods. The label covers two very different groups: licensed operators that route crypto through a payment processor, and offshore sites that hold ETH wallets directly and sit outside UK jurisdiction entirely.

The distinction matters more than the branding. A UK-licensed operator answers to the Gambling Commission, pays the 21% remote gaming duty on gross profits, and must comply with the Licence Conditions and Codes of Practice, commonly shortened to LCCP. An offshore ETH-only site answers to whoever issued its Curacao or Anjouan licence, which in practice means very little enforcement.

Since 2020, the Commission has required all operators to participate in GAMSTOP, the national self-exclusion scheme. That single rule has done more to shape the UK market than any payment innovation. If you self-exclude through GAMSTOP, a licensed site must block you. An unlicensed ETH casino has no obligation to check, and most never will.

Is Ethereum Legal to Use for Gambling in the UK?

Holding and transferring ETH is legal in the UK. Using it to stake at a licensed casino is where the line sits: the Commission's licence conditions require operators to hold customer funds in segregated accounts and to verify the source of those funds, which is difficult to do cleanly with anonymous crypto. As of 2026, no UK Gambling Commission licensee accepts ETH as a direct deposit method, though several accept it via regulated third-party processors that convert to sterling on arrival.

How the Gambling Commission Monitors Ethereum and Crypto Compliance

Monitoring is not passive. The Commission runs a licence compliance programme with roughly 30 to 40 formal regulatory reviews per year across the sector, plus thematic reviews targeting specific risks. Crypto-adjacent operators have featured in several of these since 2022, largely because the money laundering risk profile is higher and the audit trail is thinner.

Every licensed operator must submit an annual regulatory return covering revenue, customer complaints, and key event reports. Serious breaches, such as accepting funds without source-of-funds checks, must be reported within 5 working days. The Commission then decides whether to investigate formally, issue an action plan, or escalate to a licence review.

Enforcement has teeth. Since 2017, the Commission has handed out financial penalties and licence conditions totalling well over £250 million across the sector, with individual settlements ranging from £100,000 to £19.2 million. The largest single penalty remains the £19.2 million package imposed on a major operator in 2023 for social responsibility and anti-money laundering failures.

Regulatory ToolWhat It DoesTypical Trigger
Financial penaltyCash settlement paid to the Commission or a social responsibility fundAML failures, weak safer gambling checks
Licence conditionExtra rules imposed on top of the standard LCCPRepeated compliance gaps
Action planFormal improvement roadmap with deadlinesFirst serious breach
Licence reviewCan end in suspension or revocationCriminal conduct, systemic failure
Warning letterRecorded notice, no financial penaltyMinor or technical breaches

What Happens When a Player Complains About an Ethereum Casino?

Complaints against licensed operators must first go to the operator's own internal complaints process, which by rule cannot take longer than 8 weeks. If unresolved, the player can escalate to an Alternative Dispute Resolution provider, currently either IBAS or the Independent Betting Adjudication Service, at no cost. The ADR decision is binding on the operator, not on the player.

If the complaint involves a licence breach rather than a personal dispute, the Commission can act independently. It received over 10,000 contacts from consumers in a recent 12-month reporting period, and while it does not adjudicate individual disputes, patterns of complaints feed directly into its risk assessment of that operator. Three complaints about the same issue carry more weight than thirty about different ones.

Offshore ETH casinos sit outside this entire structure. There is no ADR, no GAMSTOP check, and no realistic enforcement route. If the site refuses to pay, your options are a chargeback (impossible with crypto), a Curacao regulator complaint (slow and rarely effective), or writing it off.

How Does the Commission Verify Source of Funds for Crypto Deposits?

Licensed operators must verify source of funds when a customer deposits or loses amounts that trigger enhanced checks, typically £2,000 or more in a rolling 12-month window, though thresholds vary by operator. With crypto, the operator converts ETH to sterling on arrival, then treats the deposit like any other. The wallet address itself is not usually scrutinised, but the value is.

This is where the practical friction lives. A £5,000 ETH deposit converted to GBP triggers the same checks as a £5,000 bank transfer, plus a question about where the crypto came from. If you mined it, traded it, or received it as payment, expect to document that. If you cannot, the operator must return the funds and may close the account.

Top Ethereum-Friendly Casinos and Crypto Operators in 2026

No UK-licensed site takes ETH directly, but a large group accepts it through regulated processors or operates under offshore licences that permit crypto. Below is a working list of operators that either support crypto in some form or dominate the UK market where crypto users typically also hold accounts. We have flagged the licence type for each, because that determines what protection you actually have.

The list is not an endorsement. It is a map of where ETH holders actually end up, with the regulatory reality attached.

OperatorLicenceCrypto SupportNotes
Bet365 casinoUKGC + othersNo direct ETHLargest UK operator, GAMSTOP active
William Hill casinoUKGCNo direct ETHFull LCCP compliance, ADR available
Sky Bet casinoUKGCNo direct ETHFlutter-owned, strict source-of-funds checks
Ladbrokes casinoUKGCNo direct ETHEntain group, 21% remote gaming duty applies
Paddy Power casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSame group as Betfair
Coral casinoUKGCNo direct ETHEntain, high street presence
Betfred casinoUKGCNo direct ETHIndependent, 1,400+ shops
Gala BingoUKGCNo direct ETHEntain, bingo-led
Sky Vegas casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSlots focus, Pragmatic and NetEnt heavy
Betfair casinoUKGCNo direct ETHExchange heritage
BoyleSports casinoUKGCNo direct ETHIrish roots, UK licence
Virgin Games casinoUKGCNo direct ETHPart of Gamesys
Betway casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSuper Group, global footprint
JackpotJoy casinoUKGCNo direct ETHBingo and slots
Foxy BingoUKGCNo direct ETHBingo-led, strong brand recall
Admiral casinoUKGCNo direct ETHNovomatic-linked
32Red casinoUKGCNo direct ETHKindred group
888 CasinoUKGC + othersNo direct ETHOwn proprietary platform
Virgin casinoUKGCNo direct ETHGamesys network
BetVictor casinoUKGCNo direct ETHIndependent, Gibraltar base
PartyCasinoUKGCNo direct ETHEntain-owned
Monopoly CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHBranded slots
Grosvenor CasinosUKGCNo direct ETHRank Group, 50+ UK venues
Unibet casinoUKGCNo direct ETHKindred, strong sportsbook link
Sun BingoUKGCNo direct ETHNews UK brand
MrQ casinoUKGCNo direct ETHNo wagering on free spins
Double Bubble BingoUKGCNo direct ETHJumpman Gaming network
Heart BingoUKGCNo direct ETHBauer Media brand
Rainbow Riches CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHBuilt on the Barcrest slot
Midnite casinoUKGCNo direct ETHEsports heritage
Lottoland casinoUKGCNo direct ETHLottery betting specialist
BetMGM casinoUKGCNo direct ETHMGM and Entain joint venture
PlayOJO casinoUKGCNo direct ETHNo wagering, transparent fees
LottoGo casinoUKGCNo direct ETHLottery and slots
LiveScore BetUKGCNo direct ETHSports-led
talkSPORT BETUKGCNo direct ETHMedia brand
Mr Vegas casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHVideoslots group
Pub CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK-facing, slots focus
Tote casinoUKGCNo direct ETHFormerly pool betting monopoly
Gala CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHEntain
NetBet casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHMulti-market
Mystake casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, no GAMSTOP
Goldenbet casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
Genting CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHMalaysian group, UK venues
Kwiff casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSupercharged odds gimmick
bwin casinoUKGC + othersNo direct ETHEntain-owned
Lottomart casinoUKGCNo direct ETHLottery and casino hybrid
Fabulous BingoUKGCNo direct ETHJumpman network
Slots TempleUKGCNo direct ETHFree-play heritage
10bet casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSports and casino
Casumo casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHAdventure-themed
888 SportUKGCNo direct ETHSame group as 888 Casino
Slingo casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSlingo bingo mechanic
Party PokerUKGCNo direct ETHEntain, poker-led
QuinnBet casinoUKGCNo direct ETHIrish independent
VideoslotsUKGC + MGANo direct ETH5,000+ slot titles
Donbet casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
Betano casinoUKGC + othersNo direct ETHKaizen Gaming
666 CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHWhite Hat Gaming
Fat PirateCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore
NineWin casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
NYSpins casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHVideoslots group
All British CasinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHUK-themed, L&L Europe
Mega CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHWhite Hat Gaming
Lucky Pants casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore
Parimatch casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, formerly UK-licensed
Mega RichesUKGCNo direct ETHJumpman network
RainbetCuracaoETH acceptedCrypto-first, provably fair games
Casino KingsUKGCNo direct ETHUK-focused
Duelz casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHDuel mechanic
Voodoo DreamsUKGC + MGANo direct ETHVideoslots group
Velobet casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
Smarkets casinoUKGCNo direct ETHExchange heritage
BetGoodwin casinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK independent
Ivy CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHWhite Hat Gaming
777 CasinoUKGCNo direct ETH888 group
SpinGenie casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSkillOnNet
Dream VegasUKGC + MGANo direct ETHWhite Hat Gaming
Amazon SlotsUKGCNo direct ETHJumpman network
PricedUp casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSports-led
Rolletto casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
Sportingbet casinoUKGC + othersNo direct ETHEntain-owned
Bet UK casinoUKGCNo direct ETHLeoVegas group
JackpotCity casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHBayton Ltd
DragonBet casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore
Betdaq casinoUKGCNo direct ETHExchange heritage
7bet casinoUKGCNo direct ETHLithuanian group
LeoVegas casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHMGM-owned since 2022
Kinghills casinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK-facing
Magic Red casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHProgressPlay
The Pools casinoUKGCNo direct ETHFootball pools heritage
Dream Jackpot casinoUKGCNo direct ETHWhite Hat Gaming
Roobet casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first, streamer-led
Hollywoodbets casinoUKGCNo direct ETHSouth African group
Mr.Play casinoUKGC + MGANo direct ETHMulti-market
Magical Vegas casinoUKGCNo direct ETHDaub Alderney
BetWright casinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK independent
Prime CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK-facing
Gamdom casinoCuracaoETH acceptedOffshore, crypto-first
Pink CasinoUKGCNo direct ETHUK-facing

The pattern is hard to miss. Every operator with a UK Gambling Commission licence sits in the "no direct ETH" column. Every ETH-accepting site on this list holds a Curacao licence and sits outside UK jurisdiction. That is not a coincidence, and it is not likely to change in 2026 given the Commission's current stance on crypto.

Which UK Casinos Accept Crypto Deposits Indirectly?

A handful of UK-licensed operators allow deposits through regulated payment processors that accept crypto on the customer side and settle in sterling. The operator never touches ETH directly, so the licence conditions are satisfied. In practice, this means you sell or transfer ETH to the processor, the processor sends GBP to the casino, and the casino sees a normal card or bank payment.

Fees on this route typically run 1% to 3% of the transaction, plus whatever spread the processor applies to the ETH-to-GBP conversion. On a £500 deposit, expect to lose between £5 and £15 in fees and spread. Compare that to a direct bank transfer, which is usually free. The convenience of using ETH is real; the cost is real too.

The Real Cost of Using Ethereum: Fees, Speed and Payouts

Ethereum's selling point for gambling has always been speed and pseudonymity. Both come with caveats. Network fees, known as gas, fluctuate with demand on the chain, and during busy periods a simple transfer can cost more than the deposit itself. Layer 2 networks like Arbitrum and Base have cut costs dramatically, but most casinos do not support them yet.

Speed is where ETH genuinely delivers. A confirmed transaction on Ethereum mainnet takes around 12 to 15 seconds per block, and most casinos credit after 12 to 30 confirmations, which works out to roughly 3 to 8 minutes. A UK bank transfer to a licensed casino can take anywhere from instant to 24 hours. That gap is the real reason crypto users tolerate the fees.

Payouts are the harder part. Offshore ETH casinos typically process withdrawals within 10 minutes to 2 hours, but they often impose a minimum withdrawal of 0.001 ETH to 0.01 ETH and may charge a network fee on the way out. UK-licensed operators process withdrawals in 1 to 3 working days, sometimes faster with e-wallets, and never charge a fee for it.

MetricUK-Licensed CasinoOffshore ETH Casino
Deposit methodCard, bank, e-walletETH, BTC, USDT, others
Deposit speedInstant to 24 hours3 to 8 minutes
Withdrawal speed1 to 3 working days10 minutes to 2 hours
Network feeNoneVariable, often £1 to £8
GAMSTOP checkMandatoryNone
ADR availableYes, freeNo
Deposit protectionSegregated accountsNone
Tax on winningsNone for the playerNone for the player

One number worth knowing: the UK does not tax gambling winnings for the player. The 21% remote gaming duty is paid by the operator on gross profits, not by you on your winnings. That applies whether you play at a licensed site or an offshore one, though the offshore site pays no UK duty at all, which is part of why it can offer higher bonuses.

How Long Do Ethereum Withdrawals Actually Take?

On Ethereum mainnet, a transaction reaches reasonable finality in about 3 to 6 minutes once the casino broadcasts it. The delay is almost never the blockchain. It is the casino's internal review, which for a first withdrawal can take 24 to 48 hours while the compliance team checks your account. Subsequent withdrawals at the same site are usually much faster.

Are Ethereum Casino Bonuses Worth More Than Cash Bonuses?

Offshore ETH casinos routinely advertise deposit bonuses of 100% up to 1 ETH or more, with wagering requirements of 30x to 50x. A 100% match on 0.5 ETH with 40x wagering means you need to stake 20 ETH before withdrawing anything. UK-licensed sites cap bonuses lower, often £50 to £200, but with wagering of 10x to 35x. The headline number is bigger offshore; the realistic value is not.

How to Check an Ethereum Casino Is Safe: A Regulator-First Checklist

Safety in this market comes down to one question: who can force the operator to pay you? If the answer is "a regulator with enforcement powers in your jurisdiction", you are in reasonable shape. If the answer is "nobody", you are relying on the operator's reputation, which is worth exactly as much as it has been worth so far.

The Gambling Commission publishes its full register of licensed operators on its website. Checking takes 30 seconds. If a site claims UK licensing and is not on that register, it is either lying or operating under a different entity's licence, both of which are serious red flags. The Commission has taken action against several white-label arrangements where the licence holder was not the brand players thought they were dealing with.

Beyond the licence check, look at three things: whether GAMSTOP is mentioned in the sign-up flow, whether the terms specify an ADR provider, and whether the withdrawal limits are stated clearly before you deposit. A site that hides its withdrawal limits is telling you something. A site that states them plainly, even if they are low, is at least being honest about the terms.

What Red Flags Should Make You Walk Away From an ETH Casino?

No licence number, or a licence number that does not match the brand name on the register. No named ADR provider. Withdrawal limits that appear only in the small print. A support team that cannot answer basic questions about which regulator issued the licence. Any one of these is a reason to close the tab and look elsewhere.

Can You Self-Exclude From an Offshore Ethereum Casino?

You can ask, but there is no mechanism to enforce it. GAMSTOP covers UK-licensed operators only, and offshore sites have no legal obligation to participate. Some voluntarily offer self-exclusion tools, and a few use third-party blocking software, but these are commercial choices, not regulatory requirements. If self-exclusion matters to you, it is a strong argument for staying with licensed operators.

Tax, Legal Status and What UK Players Should Know in 2026

Gambling winnings are not taxable in the UK for the player, regardless of whether the site is licensed here. That has been true since betting duty was restructured in 2001 and remote gaming duty was introduced in 2007. What is taxable is any profit you make from trading ETH itself, which falls under capital gains tax rules with an annual exempt amount of £3,000 for the 2025/26 tax year.

The legal risk of using an offshore ETH casino is low but not zero. The Gambling Act 2005 makes it an offence to provide gambling facilities to someone in Great Britain without a licence, but it does not criminalise the player. You will not be prosecuted for depositing ETH at a Curacao site. You will also have no legal remedy if that site keeps your money, which is the trade-off.

Where it gets murkier is money laundering rules. If you deposit large amounts of ETH at an offshore site and later move funds back into a UK bank account, your bank may ask questions about the source. Crypto exchanges operating in the UK are registered with the Financial Conduct Authority and must apply know-your-customer checks. The paper trail exists whether you want it to or not.

Do You Pay Tax on Ethereum Casino Winnings in the UK?

No. Gambling winnings are not subject to income tax or capital gains tax in the UK, whether the operator is licensed here or offshore. The only taxable element is any gain made from holding or trading ETH before you deposit it. If you bought ETH at £1,500 and deposited it when it was worth £2,500, that £1,000 gain is potentially subject to capital gains tax.

Responsible Gambling: Age, Helplines and Self-Exclusion

The legal age for gambling in the UK is 18, and every licensed operator must verify age before allowing a deposit. The National Gambling Helpline runs 24 hours a day on 0808 8020 133, operated by GamCare, and is free to call from UK landlines and mobiles. GAMSTOP is the national online self-exclusion scheme, and registering takes about 10 minutes at gamstop.co.uk.

Once you register with GAMSTOP, every UK-licensed operator must block you for a minimum of 6 months, extendable at your request up to 5 years. The scheme covers over 100 licensed operators. It does not cover offshore ETH casinos, which is one of the strongest practical arguments for using licensed sites even if the crypto features are more limited.

Other tools worth knowing: deposit limits can be set at any licensed operator and must take effect immediately, or within 24 hours if you are increasing them. Time-out periods of 24 hours to 6 weeks are available at most sites. Reality checks, which display session time and net spend, are mandatory at licensed operators under the LCCP. None of these are mandatory offshore.

If gambling stops being entertainment, the helpline is the fastest route to support. GamCare also runs a live chat service and a forum, both free. The NHS National Problem Gambling Clinic in London takes referrals, and there are similar services in Leeds, Manchester and Glasgow. None of this is dramatic; it is just the infrastructure that exists, and it works better the earlier it is used.

What Is the National Gambling Helpline Number in the UK?

The National Gambling Helpline is 0808 8020 133, open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, run by GamCare. Calls are free from UK landlines and mobiles, and the service offers confidential advice, information and referrals to local support. It also handles calls from concerned family members, not just players themselves.

How Does GAMSTOP Work for Online Casinos?

GAMSTOP is a single registration that blocks you from all UK-licensed online gambling sites for a minimum of 6 months. You register once at gamstop.co.uk, verify your identity, and the block applies across every participating operator. It cannot be reversed early, which is the point. Offshore ETH casinos do not participate, so the block does not extend to them.

Frequently Asked Questions About Ethereum h2>

Can UK Players Legally Use an Ethereum Casino?

Yes, with caveats. Holding and spending ETH is legal in the UK, and the Gambling Act 2005 does not criminalise the player for using an offshore site. What you lose is legal protection: no ADR, no GAMSTOP coverage, and no realistic route to recover funds if the operator refuses to pay. The activity is legal; the recourse is not.

Why Do UK-Licensed Casinos Not Accept Ethereum Directly?

The Gambling Commission's anti-money laundering rules require operators to verify source of funds and maintain a clear audit trail. Direct crypto deposits make that harder, because the funds arrive from a wallet rather than a named bank account. Rather than build systems to handle it, most UK licensees have simply declined to accept ETH at all.

What Are Gas Fees and How Much Do They Cost?

Gas fees are the transaction costs paid to process a transfer on the Ethereum network. They fluctuate with demand, ranging from under £1 during quiet periods to £10 or more during congestion. A £20 deposit during a busy spell can lose half its value to gas before it reaches the casino. Layer 2 networks cut this to pennies but are rarely supported.

Are Ethereum Casino Games Provably Fair?

Some offshore crypto casinos offer provably fair games, where a published algorithm and seed values let you verify that each result was not tampered with. The concept is genuine, and it does provide a level of transparency that traditional RNG certification does not. It applies mainly to crash games and simple originals, not to slots from Pragmatic, NetEnt or Evolution.

What Is the Minimum Deposit at an ETH Casino?

Offshore ETH casinos typically set minimum deposits between 0.0005 ETH and 0.01 ETH, which at recent prices works out to roughly £1 to £20. UK-licensed operators usually require £5 to £10 minimum. The lower crypto threshold sounds appealing until you factor in gas fees, which can exceed the deposit itself on small amounts.

Do Ethereum Casinos Report Winnings to HMRC?

No. Gambling winnings are not taxable in the UK, so there is nothing for an operator to report on your behalf, whether licensed or offshore. What HMRC cares about is capital gains on the ETH itself. If you deposited coins that had risen in value since you acquired them, that gain is reportable, and crypto exchanges must share data with HMRC under the CARF framework from 2026.

How Do You Convert Ethereum to Cash After Winning?

You withdraw ETH from the casino to your personal wallet, then send it to a UK-registered exchange such as Coinbase, Kraken or Gemini, sell it for sterling, and withdraw to your bank. The full process typically takes 1 to 3 working days and involves exchange fees of 0.1% to 1.5%, plus a possible bank withdrawal fee.

Is It Safer to Use Bitcoin or Ethereum at a Casino?

Bitcoin has broader acceptance and lower average transaction fees, while Ethereum settles faster on average and supports more sophisticated smart contract features. For casino use, the practical difference is small. Both are accepted at roughly the same offshore sites, and both carry the same regulatory blind spot in the UK. Choose based on what you already hold.

What Happens If an Offshore ETH Casino Shuts Down?

You lose whatever balance was sitting in your account. There is no deposit protection scheme, no compensation fund, and no regulator with the power to intervene on your behalf. Offshore casino closures happen regularly, usually without warning. The only real protection is not leaving large balances on any site, licensed or otherwise.

The Bottom Line for UK Players Considering Ethereum Casinos

The regulatory picture in 2026 is clearer than it has been for years. The Gambling Commission has drawn a firm line: no direct crypto deposits at licensed operators, full GAMSTOP participation, mandatory source-of-funds checks, and ADR access as standard. Offshore ETH casinos offer the opposite package: speed, privacy, higher bonuses, and no recourse whatsoever.

That trade-off is not new, and it is not going away. What has changed is the enforcement environment. The Commission's penalties have grown larger, its monitoring more proactive, and its willingness to act against operators with weak AML controls more visible. Any licensed operator considering crypto integration is watching those penalties closely before making a move.

For players, the choice comes down to what you value. If you want the fastest withdrawals and are comfortable with the risk, offshore ETH casinos deliver on both counts. If you want a regulator who can actually do something when things go wrong, the licensed route is the only one that offers it. Both are legal. Only one has a safety net.

Whichever you pick, set a deposit limit before you start, check the licence, and test a small withdrawal early. Those three habits prevent most of the problems people run into, and they cost nothing to adopt. The rest is just choosing how much risk you are willing to carry for a few extra minutes of speed.